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Naval History

Naval History

February 6, 2019 By PNR Leave a Comment

STILL ONE OF THE GREATEST AVIATION MYSTERIES!

Growing up my dad told me about this!

THE MYSTERY OF FLIGHT 19!

5 December 1945, at about 1410, Five Navy TBM Avenger torpedo bombers carrying 14 men, were to fly to the Hens and Chickens shoals in the Bahamas to practice and then return to the Fort Lauderdale Naval Air Station.

It was supposed to be a routine navigation exercise and mock bombing run.

But 90 minutes after takeoff, squadron commander Lt. Charles C. Taylor reported that he was lost. The weather and sea conditions got worse as the evening wore on.

Over the next three hours, he mistakenly led Flight 19 far out to sea, where the planes apparently ran out of fuel and crashed.

That was on 5 December 1945, several months after the end of WWII.

A search was launched for the 5 lost planes, with units of the Navy, Army and Coast Guard, to scour the sea for the lost NAS Aircraft. Flight 19 remains one of the great aviation mysteries.

The pilots’ ultimate fate was never determined, nor was the fate of thirteen other men sent out to search for their lost shipmates.

Within minutes of learning of the squadron’s predicament, two PBM Mariner flying boats were dispatched from NAS Banana River in Melbourne carrying rescue equipment.

Less than a half hour after take-off, at approximately 1930, 5 December, one of the PBM’s radioed the tower that they were nearing Flight 19’s last assumed position.

After sending one more position report the rescue plane and its crew of thirteen was never heard from again.

Numerous Navy Units and Sailors participated in the massive search for the missing planes.

Frank Dailey, a Naval Reserve Captain flew in a PBY-5 seaplane. He recalled that for “three days, six hours a day, they plowed up and down the whole coast of Florida, looking for wreckage but we never saw a thing.”

It was one of the largest air and sea searches in history involving hundreds of ships and planes: search and rescue crews covered more than 200,000 square miles of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, while on land they combed Florida’s interior in the hopes of solving the puzzle of what became known as Flight 19, the Lost Squadron, and the Lost Patrol.

Combined units joined in the search, as authorities pushed efforts to locate the missing planes. Scouring practically every mile of open water off the coast, were six planes from the Third Air Force, 120 planes from the Navy Air Advanced Training Command and aircraft from the Air Transport Command, the Boca Raton Army Air Field, the Coast Guard and the RAF in Nassau.

In addition, dozens of Navy and Coast Guard surface craft joined in the hunt.

The search was directed from the Coast Guard Headquarters of the Seventh Naval District in Miami.

Lt. Dave White, who was a Senior Flight Instructor at NASFL, remembers that fateful day, as he was playing bridge when he heard a knock on the door of his friend’s house: “It was the duty officer, and he said all flight instructors were due at the hangar at 0500 because five planes were missing.”

For the next three days, Lt. White, his assistant instructor and 20 of his students flew up and down the Florida coast at low altitudes, but they couldn’t find a trace of the Sailors or the wreckage.

Today, he’s convinced the planes rammed into rough seas about 60 miles east of Daytona Beach: “I don’t think anybody got out of their planes at all. I don’t think anybody survived.”

He likened hitting the ocean at high speed to “hitting a brick wall.”

Lt. White remains mystified as he has mentioned: “The leader was an experienced combat pilot, these were reliable planes in good condition, and it was a routine training mission. We were alerted to look around the islands and to keep searching the water for debris. They just vanished. We had hundreds of planes out looking, and we searched over land and water for days, and nobody ever found the bodies or any debris.”

Filed Under: Naval History

“Why is the star on the Senior Chief and Master Chief anchors upside down?”

January 22, 2019 By PNR 2 Comments

Why is the star on the Senior Chief and Master Chief anchors upside down?”

And I was asked this again recently.

That’s a good question……

Most of what I have in my reference materials point to an unknown reason for them pointing down. In other words there is no reason…..that’s just the way the uniform boards at the time made them.

If you look at the Navy Officer’s uniform the stars on their uniforms are also upside down.

There are a couple of speculative reasons that I have read in various references:

1. The inverted star, like the one on the Medal of Honor, is considered a symbol of honor for those who “give all” for the service of their country .

2. The inverted star is used to show a position of responsibility but is inverted so as not to confuse it with the upright star reserved for use by Flag Officers.

Chief petty officer stars were introduced with the creation of Senior Chief Petty Officer and Master Chief Petty Officer in 1958.

The Senior and Master Chief stars were modeled after the officer’s star.

When I made Senior Chief an old crusted Master Chief told me the star was upside down….so information could flow down the star onto the lower chain of command. The top was open showing that the Senior Chief and Master Chief were open-minded.

Also you will note that the MCPON’s insignia has an upright star added as the third star on the metallic collar and cap insignia…a reference to his special command status and set apart from other Command and Fleet Master Chief ‘s.

Filed Under: Naval History

USS Indianapolis

January 14, 2019 By PNR Leave a Comment

NAVY HISTORY!

Trivia: Do you know who Captain Charles Butler McVay, III is?!

ANSWER: Charles McVay was the captain of the USS Indianapolis, which was torpedoed and sunk between Guam to Leyte Island on 30 July 1945 by a Japanese submarine.

They’d “just delivered the bomb, the Hiroshima Bomb.” Of the 880 men who went into the water, only 321 were rescued. The sharks took the rest during a period of four days, mostly scavenging corpses.

The American public was infuriated to hear of the Navy’s apparent abandonment of the crew and demanded answers.

The Navy was quick to place the blame on Capt. McVay, who, as skipper, was most directly responsible for his men. He stated to his officers that he hoped the sharks would get him while floating in the water.

During the investigation, he was reprimanded primarily for failing to zig zag properly to make his ship more difficult for a submarine to hit.

The Japanese submarine commander, Mochitsura Hasimoto, testified in Capt. McVay’s defense, stating that he would easily have been able to hit the ship whether it was zig zaging or not.

The Navy also claimed that no SOS messages were received, which was not the case. Three were received at separate stations, and none were acted upon.

The mission to deliver the atomic bomb components was so top-secret that almost no one on board, including Capt. McVay, had any idea of its existence, but the ship’s path, arrival, and departure were known on official maps.

The Navy was supposed to announce the arrival, or missed arrival, of the ship at Leyte, and never did so. The crew adrift in the open sea was only discovered by chance when a PV-1 Ventura flew over on routine patrol.

Capt. McVay was court-martialed and stripped of his rank, but Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz reinstated him when the public’s outcry in his defense became hard to ignore.

Capt. McVay did, however, receive hate mail and death threats for the rest of his life from family and friends of the Sailors that died.

This was also the start of the MOVEREPS (Movement Reports) which were to track ships movements.

Capt. McVay committed suicide in 1968.

Filed Under: Naval History Tagged With: Naval history

OATH OF ENLISTMENT!

January 7, 2019 By PNR Leave a Comment

OATH OF ENLISTMENT!

Every young man and woman who has ever worn the uniform of the United States military began their service by raising their right hand in front of the flag and uttering specific words signifying their allegiance and dedication to duty.

These sacred words are known most commonly as the oath of enlistment, and they signify a sacred trust placed in the hands of those who utter them.

The words, however, have not remained unchanged throughout United States history. In fact, they began quite differently as the nation was being born.

The military oath was first enacted by the Continental Congress on 14 June 1775 in conjunction with the formation of the Continental Army.

At the time, congress created an oath of enlistment for those who would serve as enlisted personnel. An oath of commission was also created for those who would serve as the commissioned leaders of the enlisted force.

The original oath of enlistment differed slightly from the oath today in that the enlistee agreed to “bind himself to conform” and specified the term of enlistment as one year.

The most glaring difference of the original oath of commission than the oath of today is that the officer was required to “recognize the 13 United States” and then he had to name them.

After the revolution, the enlisted oath was changed to one very similar to the current oath and remained unchanged until 1950, and the version used today was adopted.

The oath of commission was changed in 1789, 1830, 1862, 1884 and 1959 to the version in use today.

Although the military oath has changed significantly over the history of the United States, the basis of the oaths and their meanings remained the same.

The military oath requires that those who take it remain eternally loyal to the United States and defend the constitution against “all enemies, foreign and domestic.”

The military oath is a time honored tradition that often has a profound effect on those who swear by it.

Filed Under: Naval History

Harold “Pee Wee” Reese

January 7, 2019 By PNR Leave a Comment

SOMETHING YOU MIGHT NOT KNOW?!

Trivia: Do you know who Harold “Pee Wee” Reese was?!

ANSWER: Pee Wee Reese was a Major League Baseball player and a Navy Chief!

Harold “Pee Wee” Reese was signed by the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1938 and played with the Louisville Colonels in the American Association.

When the Pirates’ minor league agreement with the Colonels came to an end afer the 1938 season, Reese was obtained by the Boston Red Sox, who sold him to the Brooklyn Dodgers for $35,000 and four players.

Reese made his debut with Brooklyn on 23 April 1940. He played 84 games his rookie season and batted .272, sharing the shortstop position with player-manager Leo Durocher.

By 1942, the 24 year-old was a National League all-star but that was to be his last season in the major leagues for the duration of the war.

Reese enlisted in the US Navy.

Reese was stationed at Norfolk Naval Air Station in 1943, where he regularly played baseball. In 1944, he was sent to Hawaii and played for the Aiea Hospital team.

He joined the Third Fleet team for the US Navy’s Pacific tour and was then assigned to Guam where he was shortstop and assistant coach for the 3rd Marine Division baseball team.

In early 1945 he was discharged from the Navy with the rank of Chief Petty Officer.

Back with the Dodgers in mid 1946, Reese was named to the National League all-star team for nine consecutive seasons.

Reese was instrumental in showing support for Jackie Robinson when he broke the color barrier in 1947. As Robinson was being heckled by fans in Cincinnati during the Dodgers’ first road trip, Reese went over to Robinson and put his arm around his shoulder in a gesture of inclusion and support.

After his playing career ended in 1958, Reese worked as a broadcaster with CBS, NBC and the Cincinnati Reds.

Pee Wee Reese was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1984. He passed away in Louisville, Kentucky on 14 August 1999, at the age of 81.

Filed Under: Naval History

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